Infratemporal Fossa Approrach Type D

• Anatomical Dissection: 2D with 3D-upscaling (Rt 14 min)
• Clin.case 1: Parapharyngeal Neurofibroma (Lt 17 min)
• Clin.case 2: Parapharyngeal Pleomorphic Adenoma (Lt 24 min)
• Clin.case 3: Arachnoid Cyst of Ala magna of sphenoid bone (Lt 12 min)

SURGICAL HIGHLIGHTS

1. Preauricular skin incision with extension into the neck and toward the orbit
2. Exposured of FN in the parotid
3. Elevation of temporal muscle
4. Exposure of zygomatic arch and lateral orbital rim
5. Division and reflection of zygomatic arch
6. Anterior elevation of temporalis muscle
7. Removal of posterior root of zygomatic arch
8. Inferior displacement of mandibular condyle
9. Removal of bone at the base of MCF (incl. tuberculum articulare)
10. Separation of soft tissues from base of MCF
11. Exposure of pterygoid process
12. Exposure of pterygopalatine fossa
13. Exposure of F. rotundum and V2 in upper sphenopalatine fossa
14. Exposure of sphenoid sinus
15. Exposure of F. rotundum and V2 in upper sphenopalatine fossa
16. Elevation of dura from base of MCF for exposure of trigeminal ganglion with V3 and V2
17. Opening of sphenoid sinus
18. Entering nasal cavity
19. Exposure of foramen lacerum
20. Exposure of cavernous sinus
21. Obliteration of the cavity and wound closure (not shown)